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  "url": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/ha-joon-chang/bad-samaritans/rich-countries-have",
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  "text": "Rich countries have 'kicked away the ladder' by forcing free-market, free-trade policies on poor countries. Already established countries do not want more competitors emerging through the nationalistic policies they themselves successfully used in the past.",
  "language": "en",
  "author": {
    "name": "Ha-Joon Chang",
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    "title": "Bad Samaritans",
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      "slug": "markets-have-a-strong",
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      "text": "Markets have a strong tendency to reinforce the status quo. The free market dictates that countries stick to what they are already good at. Stated bluntly, this means that poor countries are supposed to continue with their current engagement in low-productivity activities. But their engagement in those activities is exactly what makes them poor. If they want to leave poverty behind, they have to defy the market and do the more difficult things that bring them higher incomes—there are no two ways about it.",
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      "slug": "countries-are-poor",
      "url": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/ha-joon-chang/bad-samaritans/countries-are-poor",
      "text": "Countries are poor not because their people are lazy; their people are 'lazy' because they are poor.",
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      "slug": "gore-vidal-the",
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      "text": "Gore Vidal, the American writer, once described the American economic system as 'free enterprise for the poor and socialism for the rich'. Macroeconomic policy on the global scale is a bit like that. It is Keynesianism for the rich countries and monetarism for the poor.",
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