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  "title": "Stigma",
  "slug": "stigma",
  "url": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/erving-goffman/stigma",
  "json": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/erving-goffman/stigma.json",
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  "author": {
    "name": "Erving Goffman",
    "slug": "erving-goffman",
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      "slug": "in-conclusion-may",
      "url": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/erving-goffman/stigma/in-conclusion-may",
      "text": "In conclusion, may I repeat that stigma involves not so much a set of concrete individuals who can be separated into two piles, the stigmatized and the normal, as a pervasive two-role social process in which every individual participates in both roles, at least in some connexions and in some phases of life. The normal and the stigmatized are not persons but rather perspectives. These are generated in social situations during mixed contacts by virtue of the unrealized norms that are likely to play upon the encounter. […] And since interaction roles are involved, not concrete individuals, it should come as no surprise that in many cases he who is stigmatized in one regard nicely exhibits all the normal prejudices held toward those who are stigmatized in another regard.",
      "language": "en",
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      "page": 163,
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      "topics": [
        {
          "name": "prejudice",
          "slug": "prejudice",
          "url": "https://www.leafyquotes.com/topics/prejudice"
        }
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      "source": {
        "name": "Wikiquote",
        "url": "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Erving_Goffman#Stigma,_1963",
        "license": {
          "label": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
          "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"
        }
      },
      "added_at": "2026-09-25T22:57:29"
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    {
      "id": "96a1c8c4-3b8d-4c97-8430-95a88705750e",
      "slug": "while-the-stranger",
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      "text": "While the stranger is present before us, evidence can arise of his possessing an attribute that makes him different from others... and of a less desirable kind – in the extreme, a person who is quite thoroughly bad, or dangerous, or weak. He is thus reduced in our minds from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one. Such an attribute is a stigma, especially when its discrediting effect is very extensive; sometimes it is also called a failing, a shortcoming, a handicap. It constitutes a special discrepancy between virtual and actual social identity. The term stigma, then, will be used to refer to an attribute that is deeply discrediting, but it should be seen that a language of relationships, not attributes, is really needed.",
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        "url": "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Erving_Goffman#Stigma,_1963",
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