# Perfectly Legal - Author: [David Cay Johnston](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston.md) - Quotes: 23 - Book page: https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal ## Quotes > Members of Congress routinely vote on tax bills that they have never read, much less understood even on a superficial level. Sanford J. Schlesinger... says that "there hasn't been a member of Congress with a comprehensive understanding of the laws since ..." [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/members-of-congress.md) > [L]ess than a century after its adoption, the tax system is being turned on its head. Since at least 1983 it has become the explicit, but unstated, policy... to let the richest Americans pay a smaller portion of their incomes in taxes and to defer more of their taxes... a stealth tax cut, while collecting more in taxes from... the middle class. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/l-ess-than-a-century.md) > In every place where there is no real tax system, such as Honduras or Afghanistan, there is no widespread wealth. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/in-every-place.md) > The super rich... largely control what the government knows about their incomes. And their friends in Congress have slashed budgets for inspecting the tax returns... [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/the-super-rich.md) > Democrats and Republicans alike have turned the tax system into a vehicle not just to finance government but to finance social change. For the last three decades, it... has been weighing down the already deep pockets of the super rich while just weighing down everyone else. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/democrats-and-republicans.md) > For... the political donor class, the system is being remade to serve their interests while disguising the changes as benefits for every American. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/for-the-political.md) > [O]ur tax system now levies the poor, the middle class and even the upper middle class to subsidize the rich... [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/o-ur-tax-system.md) > [S]ound bytes of politicians in both parties bear as much connection to the reality of the tax system as my... grandson's belief in Santa. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/s-ound-bytes-of-politicians.md) > Many journalists rely for expert quotes on a dozen well-financed nonprofits that exist in Washington to promote policies that primarily benefit their rich donors. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/many-journalists-rely.md) > While only a minority of people was taxed during World War II, the politicians got a taste of the huge revenues... by expanding the tax base. After the war... the income tax was steadily expanded until it applied to most Americans... [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/while-only-a-minority.md) > Just as there is an underground economy of gardeners and handymen and petty merchants who get paid in cash and pay little or no taxes, there is also an underground economy among the super rich that lets them understate their true income and overstate their tax deductions. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/just-as-there.md) > [T]he majority of Americans are being duped into supplementing the incomes and extravagant lifestyles of the rich and powerful. ...[O]ur current tax system is manipulated for profit by the wealthy and well positioned. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/t-he-majority-of-americans.md) > [T]axes are at the core of our democracy. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/t-axes-are-at-the.md) > [I]n 1997... Congress passed what its sponsors promoted as a tax cut for the middle class... Buried in that law were many tax breaks for the rich... notably a sharp reduction... on long term capital gains, the source of two thirds of the incomes of the top 400. ...For years the IRS found big tax evaders by looking into people whose reported income did not seem sufficient to support their lifestyle... But the 1997 law stopped such inquiries. ...Lee Shepherd ...said the law "should be called the mobsters and drug dealers tax relief act of 1997." ...1997 cuts for the rich were not enough ...Under ...President Bush in 2001 ...their income going to taxes would slip further ... [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/i-n-1997-congress.md) > After the Sixteenth Amendment... the federal government... enacted a regime to tax incomes, gifts and estates... with the explicit promise that the basic means of sustaining life would not be taxed. The original tax regime applied only to the economic elite, to... "surplus" incomes. ...[I]ncome from capital was taxed more heavily ...in the belief that it was morally offensive to take more from money earned by the sweat of one's brow ... [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/after-the-sixteenth.md) > Congress lets business owners, investors and landlords play by one set of rules, which are filed with opportunities to hide income, fabricate deductions and reduce taxes. Congress requires wage earners to operate under another, much harsher set of rules in which every dollar of income... is reported to the government, and taxes are withheld... to make sure [they] pay in full. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/congress-lets-business.md) > A government that takes 90 cents out of each dollar above a threshold, as... in the Eisenhower years, is deciding to limit the wealth that people can accumulate... Likewise, a government that taxes the poor on their first dollar of wages, as the United States does with the Social Security and Medicare taxes, is deciding to limit or eliminate the ability of those at the bottom... to save... and improve their lot in life. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/a-government-that.md) > [T]he Internal Revenue Service in 2003 released its first public analysis of tax returns filed by the 400 highest income Americans... from 1992 to 2000. ...the federal income tax burden on Americans overall rose by 18 percent, it fell by 16 percent for the top 400, whose incomes soared. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/t-he-internal-revenue.md) > To pay for World War I... [t]he estate tax and the gift tax, which apply to wealth, were expanded and the income tax came to apply to a larger, but still minute, percentage of Americans. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/to-pay-for.md) > No serious coverage of taxes is possible without reading the journal Tax Notes published by , a nonprofit enterprise whose beneficiaries include reporters. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/no-serious-coverage.md) > If you have heard about companies using a Bermuda mailbox to escape American taxes or that the IRS audits the poor more than the rich or that Enron paid no taxes or that executives have amassed massive untaxed fortunes or that the retired chief of General Electric had a free corporate jet, then you have already had a taste for some of the more shocking stories that I have come across. ...This is not just about facts, figures and statistics. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/if-you-have.md) > For almost three decades corporate profits have been growing one third faster that corporate taxes. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/for-almost-three.md) > Inflation, combined with the end of real growth in wages beginning in 1973, created... "bracket creep" that moved people into higher tax brackets even if... real incomes were unchanged. [Quote page](https://www.leafyquotes.com/david-cay-johnston/perfectly-legal/inflation-combined-with.md)